A terapia cura a dor?
Monday, 06 de June de 2022
A Terapia psicológica, assim como terapias alternativas - Mindfulness, meditação, etc. por muito tempo não foram consideradas a nível neurobiológico, ou seja, não eram reconhecidas como capazes de modificar a atividade cerebral. Porém, alguns estudos com neuroimagem associando a terapia a diminuição de dor demonstraram que essas suposições estavam enganadas!!!
As terapias psicológicas são uma parte muito importante no tratamento de problemas psicológicos e também possuem um resultado muito significativo para a dor crônica. As terapias cognitivo-comportamentais (TCCs) são abordagens amplamente utilizadas que envolvem estratégias cognitivas (por exemplo, redução do pensamento catastrófico sobre a dor) e comportamentais (por exemplo, relaxamento e ativação comportamental) para melhorar o enfrentamento da dor e o funcionamento relacionado à dor e demonstrou melhorar a incapacidade funcional, os sintomas e a catastrofização da dor, autoeficácia, etc.
Entretanto, existem vários desafios técnicos e conceituais a serem considerados no que diz respeito à compreensão das alterações neurais após terapias psicológicas para a dor, essas terapias geralmente melhoram os resultados clínicos, porém, se elas resultam em mudanças nos circuitos neurais é algo que foi questionado a pouco tempo.
Alguns estudos que se preocupam em estudar mais sobre a dor, utilizaram imagens cerebrais para explorar o efeito das terapias psicológicas para a dor, levando a uma nova compreensão de como essas terapias podem influenciar os sistemas neurais. Os achados demonstraram diferenças metodológicas entre os estudos, bem como a possibilidade no cérebro após as sessões de psicoterapia.
Dessa forma, evidências crescentes sugerem que a intervenção psicoterapêutica bem-sucedida tem a capacidade de normalizar o funcionamento cerebral aberrante (ou seja, hiperativações cerebrais regionais diminuídas, hiperconectividade reduzida entre regiões associadas a sintomas, afeto e cognição).
Referência
CUNNINGHAM, Natoshia R.; KASHIKAR-ZUCK, Susmita; COGHILL, Robert C. Brain mechanisms impacted by psychological therapies for pain: identifying targets for optimization of treatment effects. Pain reports, v. 4, n. 4, 2019.
The content published here is the exclusive responsibility of the authors.
Autor: Livia Nascimento Rabelo
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